Provision for Discount on Creditors :
Similar to cash discount allowed to debtors, the firm may have a chance to receive the cash discount from the creditors for prompt payment. Provision for discount on Creditors is calculated at a certain percentage on Sundry Creditors.
Example: The Trial balance for the year ended 31st March, 2004 shows Sundry Creditors Rs.50,000.
Adjustment:
Create a provision for discount on creditors @ 2%.
Adjusting Entry
Date | Particulars | L.F | Debit Rs. | Credit Rs. |
2004 | ||||
31-Mar | Provision for discount on creditors A/c Dr | 1,000 | ||
To Profit and Loss A/c | 1,000 | |||
(2% Provision for discount on creditors) |
Provision for discount on creditors will be shown
i) on the credit side of Profit and Loss account and
ii) on the liabilities side of the Balance sheet by way of deduction from Sundry creditors.
Profit and Loss Account for
the year ended 31st March, 2004
Dr. Cr.
Date | Particulars | Rs. | Particulars | Rs. |
2004 | By Provision for discount on Creditors | 1,000 | ||
31-Mar |
Balance Sheet as on 31st March, 2004
Date | Particulars | Rs. | Rs. | Particulars | Rs. | Rs. |
2004 | ||||||
31-Mar | Sundry creditors | 50,000 | ||||
Less: Provision for discount on creditors | 1,000 | |||||
49,000 |
Chart showing the treatment of adjustments in
the preparation of Final Accounts
No.. | Type of Adjustment | Adjustment Entry | How dealt with in 4 | |||
Trading or Profit and Loss Account |
Balance Sheet |
|||||
1. | Closing stock | Closing Stock A/c Dr
To Trading A/c |
Credit side of the Trading A/c | Asset side. | ||
2. | Outstanding Expenses: (Wages, Rent, Salaries etc.) | Respective Expenses A/c Dr To Respective outstanding expenses A/c
Example: |
i If the outstanding is an item chargeable to Trading A/c, add the outstanding expenses with relevant expenses in the debit side of the Trading A/c.
ii. If it is an item chargeable to Profit and Loss A/c, add the outstanding expenses to the relevant expenses in the debit side of the Profit and Loss A/c. |
Liabilities side. | ||
Wages A/c
To Wages outstanding A/c Salaries A/c Dr To Salaries outstanding A/c |
||||||
3. | Prepaid Expenses: (Insurance Premium) | Respective prepaid
Expenses A/c Dr To Respective Expenses A/c
|
Debit side of Trading & Profit and Loss A/c by way of deduction from respective expenses A/c. | Assets side. |
4 | Accrued Income (Commission) | Accrued Income A/c Dr
To Respective Income A/c Example: |
Credit side of Profit and Loss A/c by way of addition to respective Income A/c. | Assets side. |
Accrued Commission A/c To Commission A/c | ||||
5 | Income received in advance (Rent) | Respective Income A/c Dr
To Respective Income received in advance A/c Example: |
Credit side of Profit and Loss A/c by way of deduction from the respective income A/c. | Liabilities side. |
Rent received A/c Dr
To Rent received in advance A/c |
||||
6. | Interest on Capital | Interest on Capital A/c Dr
To Capital A/c |
Debit side of Profit and Loss A/c | Liabilities side by way of addition to the Capital |
7. | Interest on Drawings | Capital A/c Dr
To Interest on drawings A/c |
Credit side of the Profit and Loss A/c | Liabilities side by way of addition to the drawings which are ultimately deducted from the Capital. |
8. | Interest on Loan (Interest on Bank Loan) | Interest A/c Dr
To Interest Outstanding A/c Example: |
Debit side of Profit and Loss A/c by way of addition to the appropriate interest A/c | Liabilities side by way of addition to the particular loan A/c |
Interest on Bank Loan A/c
To Interest Outstanding A/c |
||||
9. | Interest on Investments | Accrued Interest
on investments A/c Dr To Interest received A/c |
Credit side of Profit and Loss A/c by way of addition to the appropriate interest A/c. | Assets side by way of addition to the particular investment A/c |
10. | Depreciation on Fixed Asset | Depreciation A/c Dr
To Fixed Asset A/c Example: Depreciation A/c Dr To Machinery A/c |
Debit side of Profit and Loss A/c. | Assets side by way of deduction from the concerned as-set account. |
11. | Bad debts | Bad debts A/c Dr
To Sundry debtors A/c |
Debit side of Profit and Loss A/c | Assets side by way of deduction from Sundry debtors |
12. | Provision for Bad and doubtful debts. | Profit and Loss A/c Dr
To Provision for Bad and doubtful debts A/c |
i If the provision for bad and doubtful debts is given outside the Trial balance, then it is shown on the debit side of Profit and Loss account.
ii. If provision for bad and doubtful debts is given in the Trial Balance (Old) and also in the adjustment (New): Add new provision for bad and doubtful debts with bad debts written off. a) If the old provision for bad and doubtful debts is less than the above total, then the difference will be shown on the debit side of the Profit and Loss account. b) If the old provision for bad and doubtful debts is more than the above total, then the difference |
Assets side by way of deducting New Provision alone from Sundry debtors |
13 | Provision for Discount on Debtors | Profit and Loss A/c Dr
To Provision for discount on debtors A/c |
Debit side of Profit and Loss A/c
(Amount of provision for discount is ascertained on good debtors) |
Assets side by
way of deduction from Sundry debtors (after deduction of bad debts and new provision for bad and doubtful debts) |
14. | Provision for Discount
on Creditors |
Provision for Discount
on Creditors A/c Dr To Profit and Loss A/c |
Credit side of Profit and Loss A/c | Liabilities side
by way of deduction from Sundry Creditors. |
Format :
Trading and Profit and Loss Account of
Thiru………… for the year ending 31st March,………………
Dr. Cr.
Particulars |
Rs. |
Rs. |
Particulars |
Rs. |
Rs. |
To Opening stock | xxx | By Sales |
xxx |
||
To Purchases | xxx | Less: Sales returns | xxx | ||
Less: Purchases returns | xxx | xxx | |||
xxx | By Closing Stock | xxx | |||
To Wages | xxx | ||||
Add: Outstanding wages | xxx | xxx | |||
To Factory rent | xxx | ||||
Less: Prepaid Factory rent | xxx | xxx | |||
To Gross Profit c/d (Transferred to Profit & Loss A/c) | xxx | ||||
To Salaries | xxx | xxxx | By Gross Profit b/d | xxxx | |
xxx | |||||
Add: Outstanding Salaries | xxx | xxx | (Transferred from Trading A/c) | ||
Insurance premium | xxx | By Commission received | xxx | ||
Less: Prepaid Insurance Premium | xxx | Add: Commission accrued but not yet received | xxx | ||
xxx | xxx | ||||
To Interest on Capital | xxx |
xxx
xxx |
|||
To Interest on loan | xxx | By Rent received | |||
Add: Interest on loan outstanding | xxx | Less: Rent received in advance | |||
xxx | xxx | ||||
By Interest on drawings | xxx |
To Depreciation on: | xxx | By Discount received | xxx | ||
Fixed Assets, Buildings, Machinery, Furniture etc. | By New provision for discount on creditors (given in adjustment) | xxx | |||
To Bad Debts | xxx | Less: Old provision | xxx | ||
Add: New Bad Debts (given in adjustment) | xxx | xxx | |||
xxx | |||||
Add: New Provision for bad & doubtful debts (given in adjustment) |
xxx | ||||
xxx | |||||
Less: Old Provision | xxx | ||||
xxx | |||||
To Discount allowed | xxx | ||||
To New Provision for discount on debtors (given in adjustment) |
xxx | ||||
Less: Old Provision | xxx | ||||
xxx | |||||
To Net profit (Transferred to Capital A/c) |
xxx | ||||
xxx | xxx |
Balance Sheet of Thiru………………….. as on 31st March,…………
Liabilities |
Rs. |
Rs. |
Assets |
Rs. |
Rs. |
Capital | xxx | Cash in Hand | xxx | ||
Add: Net Profit | xxx | Cash at Bank | xxx | ||
(or) | Sundry debtors | xxx | |||
Less: Net Loss | Less: Bad debts written off | xxx | |||
xxx | xxx | ||||
Less: Drawings xxx | Less: Proision for Bad & doubtful debts | xxx | |||
Interest on drawings xxx | xxx | Less: Provision for discount on debtors | xxx | ||
Less: Income tax | xxx | xxx | |||
xxx | |||||
Sundry Creditors | xxx | Land and Buildings | xxx | ||
Less: Provision for Discount on Creditors | xxx | Less: Depreciation | xxx | ||
xxx | xxx | ||||
Loan | xxx | Plant & Machinery | xxx | ||
Add: Interest on loan outstanding | xxx | Less: Depreciation | xxx | ||
xxx | xxx | ||||
Outstanding Expenses | xxx | Furniture | xxx | ||
Incomes received in advance | xxx | Less: Depreciation | xxx | ||
xxx | |||||
Goodwill | xxx | ||||
Less: Written off | xxx | ||||
xxx | |||||
Closing stock | xxx | ||||
Prepaid expenses | xxx | ||||
______ | Accrued Commission | xxx | |||
xxxx | xxxx |